Lung Cancer Subtypes
Lung cancer is not a single disease. It is classified into two main types based on the appearance of cells under a microscope: Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) and Small Cell Lung Cancer (SCLC). Identifying the correct subtype is the first step toward a personalized treatment plan.
Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC)
NSCLC accounts for approximately 85% of all lung cancer cases. It grows and spreads more slowly than small cell lung cancer.
- Adenocarcinoma: The most common form of lung cancer, often found in non-smokers and women. It begins in the outer parts of the lung and produces mucus.
- Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Usually linked to smoking, this subtype starts in the squamous cells lining the airways.
- Large Cell Carcinoma: A less common type that can appear in any part of the lung and tends to grow and spread quickly.
Small Cell Lung Cancer (SCLC)
SCLC accounts for about 15% of lung cancers. It is highly aggressive and tends to spread quickly.
- Characteristics: The cells are smaller but reproduce rapidly.
- Association: Almost always associated with cigarette smoking.
- Treatment: Because it spreads quickly, chemotherapy and immunotherapy are often the first lines of defense, sometimes combined with radiation.
Not sure about your diagnosis? The HUG Tumor Board reviews every case.